Introduction:
Premature loss of primary teeth in the youngest children under 6 years of age is most often due to active caries and the need to extract primary teeth. Loss of teeth, and in extreme cases edentulism in young children during the period of intensive growth and development of the stomatognathic system leads to serious complications such as inhibition of the growth of alveolar ridges, malocclusion, mastication, swallowing and articulation disorders.

Aim of the study:
To review the literature regarding the treatment of the youngest patients with missing teeth resulting from premature loss of primary dentition. Studies covering the topic of early prosthetic rehabilitation in the youngest patients were considered.

Material and methods:
A review of existing studies on premature loss of primary teeth and its consequences for the development of the stomatognathic system.

Results:
All the authors discussing the premature loss of primary teeth in children see the need for prosthetic treatment. At the same time, they recommend individual selection of prosthetic restorations. The main determinants of this choice are the child’s age, the type, size and location of missing teeth and the child’s and caregivers’ willingness to cooperate.

Conclusions:
In order to avoid numerous early and long-term complications in the development of the stomatognathic system in children with extensive tooth loss, prosthetic rehabilitation should be provided to children at the earliest age.