Biomaterials used presently in prosthodontics, despite their proven biocompatibility, may cause allergic reactions in some patients. Materials that can cause allergies include acrylic resin and metals. The main allergen of the acrylate is the residual monomer and dyes, while the possible allergenic metals are nickel, chromium, cobalt, titanium, palladium, and gold. A review of the available literature on the allergic reactions caused by biomaterials used in prosthodontics was conducted in MEDLINE (PUBMED) and Google Scholar databases. Out of the 6152 publications found, duplicate publications were excluded, thereby reducing the number of papers to 5056. A total of 5031 articles were excluded based on the analysis of abstracts and full texts. Finally, 25 articles meeting the publication eligibility criteria were included in the analysis. Based on the selected literature, the following have been described: biomaterials used in prosthodontics which may cause allergic reactions, the most common symptoms occurring in patients and prophylactic and diagnostic management of allergies. The purpose of this article is to outline the possible consequences of using acrylic material and metals in dental prosthetics and to review the published literature on similar topics.